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In the first three quarters of 2024, the loading of lifepo4 battery and ternary lithium batteries

Installed capacity of lithium batteries in 2024

In 2024, the proportion of lifepo4 battery and ternary lithium batteries shows certain characteristics and trends. According to the data released by the China Automotive Power Battery Industry Innovation Alliance, in September 2024, China's power battery loading capacity reached 54.5GWh. Among them, the loading capacity of lithium iron phosphate battery reached 41.3GWh, accounting for 75.8% of the total loading capacity; The loading capacity of ternary battery is 13.1GWh, accounting for 24.1% of the total loading capacity. From the cumulative data of the previous three quarters, the cumulative load of China's power battery is 346.6GWh. Among them, the cumulative loading capacity of lithium iron phosphate batteries is 247.5GWh, accounting for 71.4% of the total loading capacity; The cumulative loading capacity of ternary batteries is 98.9GWh, accounting for 28.5% of the total loading capacity.


The lifepo4 battery market continues to grow: the market share of lithium iron phosphate batteries in 2024 continues to rise, not only performing well in the domestic market, but also gradually showing its competitiveness in the international market. This is mainly due to the advantages of lithium iron phosphate batteries, such as high safety, low cost and long cycle life. Ternary lithium battery market share is relatively stable: Although ternary lithium battery performance is superior in terms of energy density and battery life, but limited by factors such as cost and technical investment, its market share is relatively stable. However, in the high-end market and models with battery life requirements, terpolymer lithium batteries still occupy a certain advantage. Preference differences between different price ranges and model levels: In different price ranges and model levels, there is a significant difference in preference between lithium iron phosphate batteries and ternary lithium batteries. For example, in the new energy market of less than 100,000 yuan and 100,000 to 200,000 yuan, the installed capacity of lithium iron phosphate batteries accounts for a relatively high proportion; In the market of more than 250,000 yuan, three-way batteries began to dominate. In addition, in the A-class and below models, the proportion of lithium iron phosphate has steadily increased; From B-class to D-class models, the proportion of lithium iron phosphate gradually decreased.


Ternary lithium battery and lithium iron phosphate battery safety

First, thermal runaway temperature lithium iron phosphate battery: its thermal runaway temperature can reach more than 800 degrees, which means that before reaching this high temperature, lithium iron phosphate battery will basically not spontaneously ignite. This feature makes lithium iron phosphate batteries safer at high temperatures. Ternary lithium battery: its thermal runaway temperature is usually about 200 degrees, much lower than lithium iron phosphate battery. Therefore, in hot areas or high temperature environments, the risk of spontaneous combustion of ternary lithium batteries is relatively high.


Second, material stability lithium iron phosphate battery: the chemical properties of its positive electrode material lithium iron phosphate are relatively stable, and it is not easy to have a violent chemical reaction. Even at high temperatures, lithium iron phosphate does not release oxygen molecules like ternary materials, so its degree of combustion is relatively low. Ternary lithium battery: its cathode material nickel-cobalt-manganate lithium will decompose at high temperatures, and may cause violent chemical reactions. In addition, ternary lithium batteries with high nickel content, while pursuing higher energy density, also reduce the stability inside the battery and increase the safety risk. Lithium iron phosphate batteries do show higher stability in terms of safety than ternary lithium batteries. However, this does not mean that ternary lithium batteries are unsafe or unusable. In practical applications, trade-offs and choices should be made according to specific application scenarios and needs, and to ensure that the quality and safety of the battery meet relevant standards and requirements. Ternary lithium battery cars are often more expensive than other types of battery cars. This is mainly due to the high energy density, long cycle life and good low temperature performance of ternary lithium batteries, which make ternary lithium batteries the first choice for many high-performance electric vehicles. However, the high price also means that car companies have more money to spend on technology research and development and quality control when manufacturing ternary lithium battery vehicles, including battery thermal management safety.


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